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“Digital
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Modern approaches to organization of processing and providing consumers with high-resolution remote sensing data
Kuznetcov A.E., deputy director of SRI "Photon" RSREU, proff., e-mail: foton@rsreu.ru
Kochergin A.M., senior researcher of SRI "Photon" RSREU, PhD, e-mail: foton@rsreu.ru
Laryukov S.A., engineer of SRI "Photon" RSREU, e-mail: foton@rsreu.ru
Keywords: Earth remote sensing, geoportal, browser, map server, WebSocket, cloud service, space monitoring.
Abstract
The paper describes the technical approaches that allow to perform a monitoring and control of processing both operational and archive remote sensing information, to organize remote interaction of consumers with data processing center using the cloud technologies of data processing and storage. This approaches formed the basis of WEB-portal. It’s build on client-server technology including server-side software installed on Internet-server and client-side software executing in a user’s browser.
Server-side software provide following functions: user authentication and registration, performing a search of archive information using a user’s parameters, generation of the cartographic map using a vector data, providing an interface for data acquisition request and archive data processing. Part of server-side software functions was realized using open source software GeoServer and WebSocket Swoole. Also it has been developed a tiling server for processing a requests for raster information (such a high spatial resolution images).
Client-side software provides an interface between user and server-side software. It main functions are: utilizing an interface for user registration and authentication, providing an interface for input parameters for archive data searching, visualizing a search results in table and graphical view, visualizing a multilayer cartographic data and processing results, providing a monitoring of regions of interest and instruments for on-line image processing. Visualization of the cartographical information is performed using the open source library OpenLayers. Real-time data exchange between client-side and server-side software is performed using WebSocket technology.
Using described approaches and technologies has been developed the demo version of geoportal providing functionality for access of consumers to remote sensing data.
References
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Monitoring of technical conditions of on-board optical earth observation satellite systems in support of automatical ground-based image processing
G.N. Myatov1, A.A. Yudakov1, P.K. Kuznetsov2, B.V. Martemyanov3, V.V. Eremeev4, A.E. Kuznetsov4
1 Space Rocket Centre “Progress”, Samara, Russia
2 Samara Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Samara, Russia
3 Samara State Technical University, Samara, Russia
4 Ryazan State Radio Engineering University named after V.F. Utkin, Ryazan, Russia
Keywords: earth remote sensing, optical-electronic telescope system, ground data processing, linear resolution, georeferencing accuracy.
Abstract
An integrated approach to the diagnosis of on-board measurement equipment and imaging systems of Earth remote sensing satellites is presented. Two aspects of this technology implementation are investigated. First aspect consists of monitoring and calibration of interior and exterior orientation parameters of satellite and its on-board equipment using reference ground sites. Second approach based on precision analysis of image movement in the focal plane of telescope using functionalization method. This method allows to obtain the spectra of focal plane vibration caused by internal and external disturbances.
Proposed approach is investigated using data from earth remote sensing satellites Resurs-P and Aist-2.
References
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9. Sovremennye tekhnologii obrabotki dannykh distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli (Actual technologies of Earth remote sensing data processing), Eremeev V. V. (ed.), Moscow: Fizmatlit, 2015, 460 p.
10. Akhmetov R. N., Eremeev V. V., Kuznetsov A. E., Myatov G. N., Poshekhonov V. I., Stratilatov N. R., Vysokotochnaya geodezicheskaya privyazka izobrazhenii zemnoi poverkhnosti ot KA “Resurs-P” (Organization of high-precision geolocation of Earth surface images from the Spacecraft “Resurs-P”), Issledovanie Zemli iz kosmosa, 2017, No. 1, pp. 44–53.
11. Kuznetsov A.E., Presniakov O.A, Myatov G.N. Stitching of remote sensing images from staggered TDI CCD // Digital signal processing, 2015, No. 3, pp. 29–36.
12. Akhmetov R. N., Zinina I. I., Yudakov A. A., Eremeev V. V., Kuznetsov A. E., Poshekhonov V. I., Presnyakov O. A., Svetelkin P. N., Tochnostnye kharakteristiki vykhodnoi produktsii vysokogo razresheniya KA “Resurs-P” (Precision characteristics of high resolution output products from Resurs-P spacecraft), Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2020, Vol. 17, No. 3, pp. 41–47.
13. Kuznetsov P.K., Martemyanov B.V., Myatov G.N., Yudakov A.A. Metodika vychis-leniya otsenok parametrov smaza izobrazhenii, poluchaemykh tselevoi apparaturoi KA tipa «Resurs» // Proceedings «Kosmonavtika. Radioelektronika. Geoinformatika». Ryazan: RGRTU. 2017. pp. 289-290.
14. Kuznetsov P.K., Martemyanov B.V, Raschupkin A.V. Tekhnicheskoe zrenie podvizhnykh ob"ektov. Metodika sovmeshcheniya izobrazhenii, poluchennykh pri nablyudenii s podvizhnykh ob"ektov (Machine vision of mobile platforms. Technique of registration images obtained by airborne surveillance systems) // Vestnik komp'yuternykh i informatsionnykh tekhnologii. 2014, No. 3. pp. 3-10.
15. Kuznetsov P.K., Martemyanov B.V, Semavin V.I. Tekhnicheskoe zrenie podvizhnykh ob"ektov. Metod analiza polya skorostei dinamicheskogo izobrazheniya (Machine vision of mobile platforms. Method of the optical flow analysis of dynamic images) // Vestnik komp'yuternykh i informatsionnykh tekhnologii, 2014, No. 1, pp. 3-9.
16. Kuznetsov P.K., Martemyanov B.V. Matematicheskaya model' formirovaniya videodannykh, poluchaemykh s ispol'zovaniem skaniruyushchei s"emki (Mathematical model of video data acquisition with the application of scanning ccd mode) // Izvestiya Samarskogo nauchnogo tsentra Rossiiskoi akademii nauk, 2014, No. 6. pp. 292-299.
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Clustering of hyperspectral satellite images of the Earth's surface based on the nearest neighbors density method
S.M. Larionov, A.A. Makarenkov, e-mail: foton@rsreu.ru
The Ryazan State Radio Engineering University named after V.F. Utkin (RSREU), Russia, Ryazan
Keywords: Earth remote sensing, hyperspectral images, image clustering, nearest neighbors method, nearest neighbors density.
Abstract
The paper describes modified approach of clustering of Earth remote sensing hyperspectral data based on nearest neighbors density method. The main drawback of the approach is the ambiguity in the choice of the number k of nearest neighbors, which directly affects the accuracy of clustering and the required computing costs. On the one hand, in order to achieve high performance of the algorithm, k should be as small as possible. When k is chosen equal small number relative total number of points, as a result of clustering, the physical classes actually present in the image are divided into a large number of small clusters, which in turn complicates the identification of objects. To improve the accuracy of clustering, it is necessary to increase the value of k. However, this increases the processing time (or the required RAM), moreover, the clusters become larger and already include several physical classes of objects.
The article proposes a modification consisting of the following steps.
1. Clustering the original image with small k.
2. Finding "average spectra" for each primary cluster.
3. Determination of the optimal k in the sense of the chosen measure of separability for combining "average spectra" The separability measure takes into account the intra-cluster and inter-cluster distance and the number of clusters and ensures the compactness and separability of the resulting clusters in the selected feature space.
4. Clustering "average spectra" with the optimal value of the nearest neighbors.
5. Obtaining the final image clusters - re-labeling of small primary clusters in accordance with the results of clustering their "average spectra".
The results of experimental studies are presented.
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Multiserver processing software management for large-scale remote sensing imagery
A.E. Kuznetsov, A.S. Ryzhikov, e-mail: foton@rsreu.ru
The Ryazan State Radio Engineering University named after V.F. Utkin (RSREU), Russia, Ryazan
Keywords: distributed processing, remote sensing, Hadoop, MapReduce.
Abstract
In recent years, the requirements for the efficiency of the remote sensing products formation have become more stringent. In this regard, the topical problem is the effective software organization of multi-server parallel processing of large-volume images from space observation systems of the Earth. The Hadoop technology is shown in the article to be inappropriate for solving the problem. A solution which provides an efficient organization of multi-server parallel processing of remote sensing data has been proposed.
There is no input-output with disk storage drives in the proposed software solution. Unlike Hadoop MapReduce, the initial fragments of the route are placed in the FS based on RAM, after which they are transferred to the processing server and loaded into the RAM.
Intermediate images created during processing are stored only in the RAM of the server processing this fragment and are not transmitted over the network to other machines. Experimental results have shown that due to this, the overhead for inter-server communication is less than 7% of the total program runtime. At the same time, the volume of the code base of the processing manager is several orders of magnitude smaller than the volume of the Hadoop source code, and as a result, it is easier to support and maintain.
References
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Broadband data transmission methods based on signals with frequency-division multiplexing
Nikishkin P.B., Vityazev V.V.
The Ryazan State Radio Engineering University named after V.F. Utkin (RSREU), Russia, Ryazan
Keywords: broadband data transmission systems, OFDM, filter bank.
Abstract
Methods of broadband data transmission with frequency division multiplexing are considered. A method for adaptive broadband data transmission based on filter bank and OFDM technologies is presented. The possibility of increasing the spectral and computational efficiency of the data transmission system is shown. The results of studying the Doppler shifts using OFDM technology are generalized.
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The role of zero padding in the theory of two-dimensional fourier signal processing
Ponomarev A.V., e-mail: palexizh@gmail.com
Ponomareva O.V., e-mail: ponva@mail.ru
Kalashnikov Izhevsk State Technical University (IzhSTU), Izhevsk, Russia
Keywords: two-dimensional signal, reference domain, two-dimensional discrete Fourier transform, two-dimensional discrete-spatial Fourier transform, two-dimensional convolution, two-dimensional correlation function, zero padding.
Abstract
The transition to two-dimensional Fourier processing requires rethinking many concepts and definitions of one-dimensional digital Fourier processing of signals. For example, the operation of appending zeros to the original signal in one-dimensional Fourier signal processing is an effective method for eliminating aliasing effects, detailing the spectrum estimate of finite discrete one-dimensional signal. In two-dimensional Fourier signal processing, the corresponding operation is also effective, but requires rethinking. The paper presents the systems analysis of theoretical foundations of discrete two-dimensional signal processing based on Fourier transform. Evaluation of the efficiency of the zero-padding operation in two-dimensional signal processing is carried out.
The concept of discrete - spatial Fourier transform is introduced. It is shown that discrete-spatial Fourier transform is defined as two-dimensional z-transform. This transformation is computed in z-space on the unit sphere.
Approximation of the discrete - spatial Fourier transform is considered. The approximation of the discrete-spatial Fourier transform is based on two-dimensional discrete Fourier transform of a zero-padded signal.
A systems analysis of the postulates of the theory of discrete two-dimensional signal processing based on Fourier transform is given.
Methods and algorithms for obtaining a two-dimensional linear convolution using cyclic convolution are presented. Methods and algorithms for obtaining a two-dimensional linear correlation function based on a cyclic correlation function are presented. The results of numerical simulation are presented, which confirm the obtained theoretical results.
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